Blind Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation Using an Improved Minimum Output Variance Approach for Synchronous MC-CDMA Systems

This letter deals with blind carrier frequency offset estimation based on minimum output variance (MOV) approaches without devoting training sequence and pilot symbol for synchronous multicarrier-code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) systems. It has been shown that the performance of MOV estimator is degraded because the effect of noise and wideband spread-spectrum signals. In conjunction with spreading code-aided and information carrier subspace projection techniques, we present an improved code-aided MOV (ICMOV) estimator to achieve the high resolution estimate for the noisy case. Computer simulations are provided for illustrating the effectiveness of the proposed ICMOV estimator.